Type-writinq machine



(No Model.)

6 Sheets--Sheet 1.

A. W. CASH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

(No Model.) 6 SheetsSheet 2. A. W. CASH.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. N0. 466;600. Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

522;]?988-5 [mzemhr (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. W. CASH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 466,600. Patented Jan, 5, 1892.

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. W. CASH.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

K ":11; A 7 4 5- 2 l 2 1 2/ v j I: 5 1

I. E 1 E l D 1; ii 5 I:

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

A. W. CASH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 466,600. Patented Jan. 5, 1892..

wizwlkssets M Jr haw/Ida? ggg'fig 'upward into its printing'position in said slots.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR WISE CASH, OF BRIDGEPORT, ASSIGNOR TO THE TYPOGRAPH COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

YPE-WRITING, MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 466,600, dated January 5, 1892. Application filed July 23, 1889. Serial No. 318,454. No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR \VISE CASH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridge port, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Ma- 1 chines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled l in the art to which it appertains to make and I use the same.

This invention relates to that class of type writing machines in which upper and lower y case characters are provided upon separate type-bars, and are adapted to be operated by a single set of key-levers and finger keys or pads.

The principle of the invention will be described first and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle then will be set forth, and thaparts, improve i ments, or combinations which I claim as my invention will be particularly pointed out and claimed.

In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains may fully; understand the construction and operation of my improved machine, I will describe the same in detail, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective of a type-writing machine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a plan view with a portion of the shifter-plate broken away; Fig. 3, a side elevation, a portion of the base being broken away to show the key-levers within; Fig. 4, a bottom plan showing the arrangement of the key-levers beneath the base; Fig. I 5, a central vertical section longitudinal of 1 the machine; Fig. 6, a slightly enlarged transi verse section through the roller and platen, i the end portion of the carriage and f rame apf pearing in elevation; Fig.7, a detail bottom plan view of the shifter-plate, with certain of the guide-slots shown andatype-lever thrown i In this figure it is deemed unnecessary to show 1 all the guiderslots and all the type-levers, 1 since they are but duplicates of those illustratcd; Fig. 8, a detail of one of the key-lei vers and the connection of said lever at the respective ends thereof; Fig. 9, a detail vertical section showing one of the type-levers and its operating connection.

Like letters and figures of reference denote the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.

A is the bed or frame upon which the operative parts of the machine are mounted.

Bis the keyboard, located at one end of the frame, and in this key-board are arranged the key-shafts I), having the lettered pads b'. At the other or rear end of the frame is the circular type-base (J, mounted upon stand.- ards c, which project upwardly from the frame.

The platen-carriage D consists of a frame (I, having cross-bars d, between which the platen E is journaled.

Thekey-levers F are pivotally attached to posts f at the under side of the bed A. These key-levers are placed in assembled position by passing them through the slotted fulcrum, the post, and engaging their extremities, respectively, with the slotted lower ends of the key-shafts b and the type-lever rods f. (See Figs. 4 and 8.)

The carriage-feed mechanism G comprises a spring-actuated shaft g, vertically arranged upon the bed behind the type-base, and a 5 cord or wire connected to said spring-actuated shaft, as to one end thereof, and to the carriage, as to the other end. The escapement mechanism II is also arranged at the rear of the key-base, and by means of a spacing-lever h is connected with a space-key h, which is preferably arranged at the front of the key-board. The ribbon-feed I is arranged on and is carried by the carriage, and consists of the reels 1" and the ribbon i, which passes from one reel to the other across the bottom of the carriage. Said ribbon is supported at the point of impact in a ribbonguide 2"", Fig. 5. The shifter plate or ring J is borne on the type-base in aspace or socket surrounding the base, and it is connected by levers to keys arranged in the key-board, the

object being to enable the levers to be used at will with upper or lower case type by shifting the ring. The key-levers F are each sup-" ported on a stud f; that projects downward from the under side oi the key-base, and each lever is preferably a Hat strip of metal, 1 as steel, that passes through a slot in the stud and through slots in theletter-pad shafts b and in the type-lever rods f. A bent spring 2 is supported on the stud f and thrusts downward against the lever on one side of 1 the fulcrum, the bent end of the spring taking into a notch f in the upper edge of the ,key-lever'in a manner that prevents it from slipping lengthwise in the supports. The letter-pads b are provided with the usual letters and characters, and they are supported on shafts that extend down ward through the frame and ccinnxeted to the key-levers, as shown in the drawiu gs. Each type-lever rod f is guided in supports in the frame and in the key-base, and its upper end underlies the outer end of the type-lever k, theinnerend of the lever beingconnected by alink k with a type-bar K. The type-levers areall pivotally supported in the shifter-ring J, and they are arranged in pairs, the inner end of each type-lever of the pair being connected to a type-bar, one bearing an upper-ease type and the other a lower-case type of .the same leoter, while the outer ends of the type-levers are arranged close together, (see Fig. 7,) so that while one overlies the upper end of a type-lever rod f the other is in position to be moved into line with the rod when the shifter-ring is moved. The type-levers are supported in the shifter-tin g somewhat below the upper ends of the pivoted supports of the type-bars in the key-base, and the link of the connection forms a sort of swivel-joint that enables the type-levers to be shifted slightly in horizontal position and to be carried into operative arrangement with the type-lever rod l without cramping the lever when the key is operated to print with the type. Any downward pressure upon a letter-pad causes the type -bar bearing th t type to be driven sharply against the der side of the ribbon and make an imprint of the type in the usual manner. The guide-rod d is secured acrossthe top of the key-base in the direction in which the carriage is to be moved, and the rear bar (1 of the carriage-frame is provided with a lengthwise socket cl, into which the guide-rod fits in such manner as to hold the carriage in 1 proper position to enable it to move lengthwise only on' the guide-rod. The front bar d of the carriage-frame is held in a socket in the-bracket (i against anything wise-sliding movement. The carriageis pulled normally toward the left-hand end of its path of movement by means of the carriage-feed mechanism G, a cord g' forming a flexible connection between the carriage and the curved arm that is supported on the upper end of the shaft y. This shaft bears a grooved pulley or like device, on which is wound a cord fast to it at one end, while the other end of the cord is connected to the upper end of the arm of the carriage-spring 9, that is secured to the hereof the machine. This platenace,

but a lengthi carriage is given a step'by-step movement by means of the escapement mechanism II, that is connected to the spacing-lever h. A detent-lever h is pivoted to therear posts a, between which it extends across the rear of the machine. This detent-lever h bears an ad,- justable arm h", that is bent inward toward the carriage-frame and bears the escapement h that is of ordinary construct-ion, consisting of a fixed tooth h and aspring-tooth h, that underlies the ratchet-bar h that is pivotally supported on the carriage-frame, from which it extends in position to overlie the escapement device, that by means of the spacinglever is given a reciprocation across the line of direction of-the ratchet-bar. The arms h extending from the detent-lever underneath the key-base, are pivotally connected at diametrically opposite, points to the annular bearer I, that underlies all of the type-levers k and is in their downward path of movement,'so that when either of the type-levers is actuated for the purpose of printing with the type borne on its end the contact of this lever with the upper edge of the bearer l depresses it and operates the escapement mechanism through the medium of the detent-lever, to which the bearer is connected. The bearer is also supported on the down turned arms I, connected to the arm's 1 that project from the rock-shaft l that is pivoted to the rear posts 0 on the machine. The platen E is reversible in the platen-frame e. and it has a comparatively hard surface 2 and-a softer surface e borne on opposite edges of the bar, so that either of these surlfaces may be placed so as to back up the paper and receive the impact of the blow in printing. One way of rendering the platen i reversible is shown in Figs. 5 and 6, wherein 2 is a. fixed bar, which is embraced by the platen and the-two connected by a screw or screws 3. By removing the screw or screws the platen may he slipped oii the bar 2 and turned upside down and again slipped on the i bar and the screw or screws inserted again.

I Back of this platen the paper-feed roll a is i pivotaliy supported, its journal having fast to it at one end a ratchet-wheel e, that is moved by means of the spring-pawl efiborne on the outer end of the jointed feed-lever e, i that is pivoted to theplaten-frame 2. An adjustable stop device e", pivoted to the frame in the path of movement of the feed-lever 6 determines the extent of return movement of the lever, and thus the degree that the paperfeed roll may be turned, and this forms the 1 means of fixing the distance between the l lines of printing. The paper-guide 6 surrounds the feed-roll in part; but the space immediately over the operative surface of the laten is left free, so that any writing on the surface of the paper can be plainly seen when I the platen is lifted. The rod e on the back of the platen-frame lies between the forked I ends of the arm 6 projecting from the rockbar e". that is pivotally so; ort on the platen-carriage and extends across its length, so as to be at all times in contact with the end of the tilting lever e- 'lhe'tilting lever 6 is pivoted to a fixed part of the machine' for example, a rock-shaft 4-which may be connected by the jointed rods c with the tilting pad 6, borne on the outer end of alever e in a convenient position just back of the keyboard. It will be observed that the depression of the tilting pad e acting through rods 9, rocks the shaft 4, and thus depresses the tilting lever e, and as said tilting lever is always in contact with the rock-bar e and as said rock-bar carries the forked arm c said rock-bare will be depressed or rocked toward the platen, causing the forked arm e" to descend and carry with it the rod 6" and effect, ultimately, the tilting of the platen. By means of this platen-tilting device the paper written upon can be turned up to view, so as to enable the operator to inspect it for any purpose. The ribbon-reels 'z' are mounted on opposite sides of the frame and directly opposite each other, so that a ribbon extends between them across the type-base and overly-- ing the point where each of the types strike in operating the'machine. A frame-like lever i is pivoted to the shaft of each reel, and the portion overlying one side of the reel, that is provided with ratchet-teeth, bears a spring-pawl i, the outer end of which is adapted to engage the teeth. A shifter-rod '1."is supported in the tubular front part of the frame and bears on its opposite ends arms 2", one arm being pivotally attached to the lever i a IItGlltllJt to the left-hand ribbonreel in a inner to cause the reel to turn to the right when the shifter-rod moves to the left, while the other arm on the right-hand end of this shifter-rod is so connected to the ribbon-reel lever as to cause it to turn the reel toward the left' with the movement of the shifter-rodthat is, the left-wise sliding movement of the shifter-rod is adapted to turn one ribbon-reel to the right, while on the other hand its reverse movement will turn the opposite ribbon-reel tottheleft. A spring trip device I? is pivoted to the platen-carriage frame and has an arin that extends upward and under the end of tlie spring-pawl on the reel id position to lift the latter out of contact with the ratchet-teeth on the reel, so as to prevent the ratchet-feed lever from operating to move the reel. Such a spring-trip device is connected to both of the ribbon -reels, the object being to throw one reel out of feeding action when the other is in operation. The shifter-bar has an arm i arranged to make contact with the bracket, fast to the base that supports the platen-carriage as the latter reaches the right-hand limit of its slid ing movement, and such contact of the arm on the shifter-rod with this bracket gives to the ribbon-reel a feeding movement that I winds the ribbon over one reel onto the other, the feeding movement being a slight one for each contact of the arm of the shifter-rod with the bracket.

i In order to decrease the number of letters in the key-board, my within-described machine is arranged so-that two type-bars, one bearing an upperease and the other a lowercase of a given letter, may operate by -a single type-lever, and this is accomplished by providing means-the shifter-ring J and the mechanism for moving it to a limited extent so that the end of a type-lever 7; appurtenant to a lower-case type-bar can be held normally in the path of movement 0f the type-lever rod f, adapted to be actuated by a certain key-lever, and the ring can then, by suitable mechanism, be shifted so as to bring the type-lever appurtenant to the upper-case always in alignment to be operated by the same key-lever, 'lhe shifter-ring J is supported on the under side of the type-base by the screws j, that pass downward through slotsj' in the key-base, the broadened heads of the screws supporting the ring and the slots allowing it a certainlimited rotary sliding movement about the center. An arm j extends downward from theshifter-ring and is pivotally connected to an m 7' that extends upward from the rock-sha t j, that extends across the under side of th bed of the machine. (See Fig. 4.) Another arm extends upward from the rock-shaft and is connected to one of the shafts in the key-board, the other end of which supports a finger-pad marked Upper Case, (see Fig. 2,) and on the opposite side of the key-board a fingerpad marked Lower Case is connected to a leverj", that is fuleru med on the stud onthe bed, and beyond it is connected to another arm f, fast to the rock-shaft. The shifterring may be so held as to normally cause the machine to write wholly with the upper-case letters without shifting the ring or wholly with the lower-case letters by means of the peculiar arrangement of the rock-bar and levers just described and the shifter-spring m. This spring is a bent or curved one having one end m eccentrically connected to the lever 111*, while the other end is attached to the arm 1 that projects downward from the shifter-ring. \Vhen this spring is arranged in the position shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the machine will write normally lowercase and the pad bearing those words-will stand at a level considerably below the line of keys next to it; but when the lever in is thrown over to the opposite side of the fulcrum the spring operates to pull the shifterring toward the fulcrum instead of pressing it from it, and the result is that the machine is set to write upper-case normally, and will write lower-case only by depressing the fingerpad so marked and turning the shifter-ring around temporarily by such depression of the finger-pad and the movement of the levers and the parts connected therewith. Each key-lever is a strip of flat metal that is readthrough a slot in the shaft supporting the letter-pad, through the slot in the stud or post in which it is fulcrumed,and through that in the connecting-rod or pitman, the slot in each saw lengthwise of the small round'wire of which the parts are made, and then 'slabbing olf one sideof the wire near the end and opening the slot. The key-lever is held against any lengthwise sliding movement by the spring, the end of which locks into'anotch on the upper edge of thelever, as already de scribed. This construction of these parts onables them' to be cheaply made and readily put together or removed from the machine.

Byineans of the automatic ribbon-feed device the ribbon is fed when the carriage reaches the end of its rightward movement a slight distance, and this secures an economical use of the ribbon.

In the reel-reversing device it is to boneticed that th'elever that is thrown out so as to permit the reel on that side to turn bears against the side of the reel, so as to give a slight frictional resistance against unrolling,

so thatthe ribbo'n is held with the proper.

tension as it is extended across the carriage.

I- claim.

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the types and means for operating the same, of' the carriage moving on ways across the machine over the point of impact of the types, a flat surface secured upon said carriage and extending substantially the full length thereof, the ribbon-reels journaled at each end of the carriage and moving therewith, and means, as described, whereby par tial rotation is imparted to said reels at the limit of the traversing movement of the carriage, substantially as set forth.

2. In a. type-writing machine, the combination, with the types and the means for operating the same, of the carriage and the springactuated shaf t, segment, and cord whereby it is actuated, of the reversible platen mounted in said carriage and havingimpact surfaces differing in density, the ribbon-reels journaled upon and movable with said carriage, said ribbon extending along the length of the exposed impact surface,and means, as described, whereby at each complete traverse of the carriage a single limited feeding impulse is imlparted to the ribbon relative to the impact surface, substantially as set forth.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the type-operating mechanism, the

carriage, and the means whereby said carriage receives its proper step-by-step movement, of the paper-feed roller arranged length-;

hon-reels" fo'urnaled one at each end of said carriage, and the ribbon-feeding mechanism ing arm adapted to engage a fixed partof the machine at the end of each complete traverse of the carriage, substantially as set forth.

4. In a type-writing machine, thecombination, with the types and their operating mechanism, of the carriage and its operating mechanism and escapement, the platen having sn 1'- faces of different degrees of density upon opposite sides thereof, said platen detachably secured to the carriage, so as to be reversible therein, the feed-roller journaled in the carriage contiguous to the platen. and the ribbon-reels and ribbon carried upon the carriage, and the ribbon-guide extending beneath the platen and adapted tosupport the ribbon at the point of impact of the types, substantially as set forth.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the key-shafts having the lettered pads thereon, the type-lever rods 7 f, and the -6c -wise of and borne uponthe carriage, therib; instance being made by'a cut-by acltcitial comprising the shifter-bar having a project- Y posts f, arranged between the key-shaftsand type-lever rods, each of said element-shaving therein a slot extending in the direction of its length, of the key-levers fulcrumed in the slotted posts f and whose ends engage, respeetively, the slots in the key-shafts and the type-lever rods, and springs secured to the fulcrum-posts and engaging the key-levers, and against whose action the depression of the key-shaft is effected, substantially as set forth.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the key-levers and the keys for operating them, of the annular shifter-ring having hung therein the type-levers, the lovers wherebysaid ring may beshifted upon its base, and the U-shaped spring m, secured to the shifter-ring and lever m respectively, and adapted to operatein either directiomaccording as it is distended or compressed by its connections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses. 

